Patna, the capital city of Bihar, is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, rich in history, culture, and heritage. Situated on the banks of the Ganges River, Patna is a blend of ancient traditions and modern developments. The city has been a significant center for politics, education, and religion, and it serves as a gateway to Bihar’s rich cultural heritage. For travelers looking to explore the historical, spiritual, and cultural attractions of the city, Patna offers a variety of sights, ranging from ancient monuments to religious sites and museums. Here’s a detailed guide to sightseeing in Patna.
1. Golghar
Location: Near Patna Junction
Overview: Golghar is one of the most iconic landmarks in Patna. This massive, dome-shaped granary was built by Captain John Garstin in 1786 to store grain during a famine. Its distinct architectural style makes it a prominent part of the city’s skyline.
What to See: Visitors can climb the 143 steps of Golghar for a panoramic view of the city, the Ganges River, and the surrounding areas. The granary itself is a fascinating example of ancient engineering, and the surrounding garden adds to the aesthetic value of the location. Golghar is often used as a place for events and gatherings, and it offers a great view of Patna’s growing urban landscape.
2. Patna Museum
Location: Near Gandhi Maidan
Overview: Patna Museum is an important cultural institution in the city, offering a detailed insight into the region’s history, archaeology, and art. The museum was established in 1917 and houses a collection of artifacts that span different eras of Indian history.
What to See: The museum’s extensive collection includes ancient sculptures, coins, manuscripts, and paintings. One of its main attractions is the “Maurya Seal,” an important archaeological artifact. The museum also showcases sculptures from the Gupta period, medieval artifacts, and items related to the history of Bihar. It’s a great place to learn about Bihar’s ancient history and cultural heritage.
3. Mahavir Mandir
Location: Near Patna Junction
Overview: Mahavir Mandir is one of the most famous and visited temples in Patna, dedicated to Lord Hanuman. It holds great religious significance for Hindus in Bihar and across India.
What to See: The temple has a serene atmosphere and attracts thousands of devotees, especially on Tuesdays and Saturdays, which are considered auspicious for Lord Hanuman. The temple also has a well-maintained premises, with an idol of Lord Hanuman that is believed to be particularly powerful. Devotees offer prayers and perform rituals here, making it a spiritual and cultural hub in the heart of Patna.
4. Patna Sahib Gurudwara
Location: Patna City, around 6 km from the city center
Overview: Patna Sahib Gurudwara is one of the most revered Sikh shrines in India. It is the birthplace of Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Guru of the Sikhs, and is considered a place of great religious significance.
What to See: The Gurudwara is an architectural marvel, with its white marble facade, golden domes, and serene surroundings. Inside the Gurudwara, visitors can find the sacred Guru Granth Sahib, and the atmosphere is peaceful and spiritual. The complex also houses the “Langar,” a free community kitchen that serves food to thousands of devotees daily. The Gurudwara’s historical importance and tranquil environment make it an important spiritual site in Patna.
5. Bihar Museum
Location: Bailey Road, Patna
Overview: The Bihar Museum is one of the newest and most modern attractions in Patna, inaugurated in 2015. It showcases the history, culture, and rich heritage of Bihar, with a special emphasis on the Maurya, Gupta, and Pala periods.
What to See: The museum’s collection includes sculptures, manuscripts, and historical artifacts. It also features multimedia displays and interactive exhibits that help visitors learn about the region’s history in an engaging way. The museum’s architecture is contemporary and striking, and its clean, well-lit galleries make it an excellent place for history buffs and families alike.
6. Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library
Location: Near Gandhi Maidan
Overview: Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library is one of the oldest and most prestigious libraries in India. It was established in 1891 and houses a vast collection of ancient manuscripts, books, and scriptures in Arabic, Persian, Urdu, and Hindi.
What to See: The library is a treasure trove for scholars and historians, with over 21,000 rare manuscripts, including works of literature, theology, and history. The library’s architecture is a blend of Islamic and European styles, and the collection includes significant works by famous authors and poets. Visitors interested in literature, history, and ancient texts will find the library a fascinating stop.
7. Gandhi Maidan
Location: Central Patna
Overview: Gandhi Maidan is one of Patna’s most important historical and cultural venues. It is the site of numerous political rallies, public gatherings, and significant events in India’s independence movement.
What to See: The vast open grounds are often used for events and festivals, and the area is lined with important landmarks, including the Patna Museum and Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library. The Maidan has a rich historical significance and is often used for cultural performances and celebrations. It’s also a good place for a leisurely walk or to enjoy the local atmosphere.
8. Kumhrar
Location: South Patna
Overview: Kumhrar is an archaeological site in Patna that dates back to ancient times and is believed to have been part of the Mauryan Empire. Excavations at Kumhrar have revealed remnants of a grand Mauryan city.
What to See: The main attraction at Kumhrar is the remains of a large Mauryan hall with 80 sandstone pillars, which are believed to have been part of a royal structure. Visitors can also explore other artifacts, including coins, pottery, and sculptures that offer a glimpse into the city’s ancient past. Kumhrar is an important historical site for those interested in the Mauryan period and ancient Indian architecture.
9. Buddha Smriti Park
Location: Bailey Road, Patna
Overview: Buddha Smriti Park is dedicated to the life and teachings of Lord Buddha. The park was inaugurated in 2010 and serves as a symbol of Patna’s Buddhist heritage.
What to See: The park is beautifully landscaped and features a statue of Lord Buddha, a meditation center, and a museum that houses relics and artifacts related to Buddhism. The park offers a peaceful environment for visitors to relax, meditate, and learn about Buddhist philosophy and teachings. The park’s design and ambiance make it a tranquil retreat in the heart of Patna.
10. Srikrishna Science Centre
Location: Near Gandhi Maidan
Overview: The Srikrishna Science Centre is an interactive museum that aims to educate people, especially children, about science through engaging exhibits and hands-on activities. It is one of the most popular places for school trips in Patna.
What to See: The museum has various exhibits related to physics, mathematics, astronomy, and technology. The interactive displays make learning fun, with exhibits like models of space missions, light and sound experiments, and machines that demonstrate scientific principles. There is also a planetarium in the complex that offers astronomy shows. It’s an excellent place for families and science enthusiasts.
11. Patan Devi Temple
Location: In the old city area
Overview: The Patan Devi Temple is one of the oldest and most revered Hindu temples in Patna, dedicated to Goddess Patan Devi. It is located near the banks of the Ganges River.
What to See: The temple is a significant pilgrimage site and is often visited by devotees for blessings. The temple's architecture is simple yet beautiful, and it is known for its peaceful environment. It is believed that the temple was built in the 18th century and has been a center of worship for centuries.
12. Sanjay Gandhi Jaivik Udyan (Patna Zoo)
Location: Near Bailey Road
Overview: Sanjay Gandhi Jaivik Udyan, also known as Patna Zoo, is a popular destination for families and wildlife enthusiasts. The zoo is spread over a large area and houses a variety of animal species.
What to See: The zoo is home to a diverse collection of animals, including tigers, lions, elephants, deer, and various species of birds. There are also botanical gardens and ponds within the zoo. The zoo’s well-maintained environment provides an opportunity for visitors to explore wildlife and learn about conservation efforts.
Conclusion
Patna is a city steeped in history, culture, and spirituality, and it offers a wide range of sightseeing opportunities. From historical landmarks like Golghar and Kumhrar to religious sites like the Mahavir Mandir and Patna Sahib Gurudwara, the city is a treasure trove of ancient heritage. For those interested in modern culture and education, the Bihar Museum and Srikrishna Science Centre provide engaging and informative experiences. Whether you are a history buff, spiritual seeker, or nature lover, Patna has something for everyone to enjoy.
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